Option trading kaise kaam karti hai?
Shuruaat
Buyer ek option ke liye premium deta hai, phir use expiry se pehle bechta hai ya expiry tak rakhta hai. Ek kaalpanik Index X call lo jiska strike 25,000 hai. Uska premium 1 unit ka ₹100 hai, aur yahan 1 lot 50 units ka hai. Yeh lot hisaab aasaan rakhne ke liye banaya gaya hai. Yeh NIFTY ya BANKNIFTY ka lot size nahi hai. Diya gaya premium ₹100 × 50 = ₹5,000 hai, charges se pehle. Khareedne wale ke liye yeh ₹5,000 hi sabse zyada hai jo option khud kho sakta hai.
Call option par profit ya loss kaise nikalta hai?
Trade 2 tarah se khatam ho sakta hai. Expiry se pehle becha, to result hai bechne ka premium minus khareedne ka premium, units se guna. ₹120 par becha to gross profit ₹20 × 50 = ₹1,000 hai. ₹80 par becha to ₹1,000 ka loss hai. Agar expiry tak rakha, to call ki value utni hai jitna aakhri index level 25,000 se upar hai, ya zero. 25,050 par uski value ₹50 hai, isliye khareedne wala phir bhi ₹2,500 haarta hai.
Iska matlab — aur kya nahi
Sirf disha se result tay nahi hota. Diya gaya premium, move ka size aur usme laga time, sab matter karte hain. Expiry par yeh call 25,100 par break-even hota hai, jo strike plus premium hai. Khareeda gaya put apne strike minus premium par break-even hota hai. Option in the money hokar bhi paisa haar sakta hai. Aur index badhte hue bhi premium gir sakta hai, kyunki expiry paas aane par time value ghatti hai.
- Expiry par call ki 1 unit ki value (₹)
- Diya gaya premium: ₹100 · 100
Ek kaalpanik 25,000 strike call, jo 1 unit ₹100 ke daam par khareeda gaya. Line expiry par call ki 1 unit ki value hai. 25,000 se neeche uski koi value nahi. Dashed line diya gaya ₹100 premium hai. Call apni keemat tabhi wapas paata hai jahan line dashed line tak pahunchti hai, yaani 25,100 par. 25,050 par woh in the money hai par uski value ₹50 hai, isliye khareedne wala 1 unit par ₹50, yaani 50 units par ₹2,500, charges se pehle haarta hai.
Chart ka data dekhein
| Expiry par index level | Expiry par call ki 1 unit ki value (₹) |
|---|---|
| 24800 | 0 |
| 24900 | 0 |
| 25000 | 0 |
| 25050 | 50 |
| 25100 | 100 |
| 25200 | 200 |
| 25300 | 300 |
Isse kya establish nahi hota
Yeh lesson kaalpanik numbers use karta hai aur charges chhod deta hai, isliye asli result kam hoga. aur expiry dates badalte hain, isliye koi bhi number use karne se pehle aaj ka contract jaancho. Khareedne wala premium plus charges tak kho sakta hai, isse zyada nahi. Bechne wala alag hai. Use premium milta hai par woh usse kahin zyada kho sakta hai, aur use rakhna padta hai, jo loss ki seema nahi hai. Stock options bhi alag hain. NSE ke stock options shares ki delivery se settle hote hain, isliye yeh index ka example un par laagu nahi hota.
Kya check karein
6Option kis index ya share par bana hai?
Yeh call hai ya put, aur iska strike aur expiry kya hai?
1 unit ka premium kitna hai, aur aaj ka lot size kya hai?
Premium × lot size kitna hai, yaani khareedne wala kul kitna deta hai?
Tum khareed rahe ho, ya aisi cheez bech rahe ho jo tumhare paas nahi hai? Dono ke risk bahut alag hain.
Premium aur charges cover karne ke liye index ko kitna, aur kitni jaldi, hilna hoga?
Aam galtiyan
5Premium ko 1 lot ki keemat samajhna. Yeh 1 unit ki keemat hai.
"In the money" ko "profit mein" samajhna. 25,050 par yeh call in the money hai aur phir bhi ₹2,500 haarta hai.
Sasta option surakshit maanna. Poora premium phir bhi ja sakta hai.
Yeh ummeed karna ki premium index ke saath point ke badle point hilega.
Call band karne ke liye put khareedna. Isse doosri position khul jaati hai. Call band karne ke liye wahi call bechna padta hai.
1 unit ₹100 ke daam par khareeda gaya 25,000 strike call, index 25,060 par khatam hota hai. Charges se pehle 50 units par result kya hai?
- Profit, kyunki call in the money khatam hua
- ₹3,000 profit, kyunki 60 points × 50 units
- ₹2,000 loss, kyunki call ki value diye gaye ₹100 mein se sirf ₹60 hai
Answer dikhao
C. ₹2,000 loss, kyunki call ki value diye gaye ₹100 mein se sirf ₹60 hai
Expiry par call ki 1 unit ki value 25,060 − 25,000 = ₹60 hai. Khareedne wale ne ₹100 diye the, isliye result (₹60 − ₹100) × 50 = −₹2,000 hai. Pehla jawab lubhata hai kyunki "in the money" profit jaisa sunai deta hai. Iska matlab sirf itna hai ki call ki value zero se zyada hai.
Aksar poochhe sawaal
4Kya option khareedna shares khareedne jaisa hai?
Nahi. Option ek contract hai jiski expiry date aur tay adhikaar hote hain. Index option tumhe kisi share ka maalik nahi banata.
Kya option ko expiry tak rakhna zaroori hai?
Nahi. Aam taur par tum use pehle bhi wahi contract bechkar band kar sakte ho, agar koi khareedne wala ho. Tab result tumhare 2 prices se nikalta hai.
Kya kam premium wale options zyada surakshit hain?
Nahi. Chhota premium matlab utne hi units ke liye kam paisa. Par poora premium phir bhi ja sakta hai, aur kam price profit ke mauke ke baare mein kuch nahi batata.
Itne beginners options mein paisa kyun haarte hain?
SEBI ki futures aur options ke individual traders par study mein paaya gaya ki unme se zyaadatar ne paisa haara. Charges, time decay aur bahut chhote moves sab milkar asar dalte hain. Har trade mein kya ja sakta hai yeh samajhna, aur pehle practice karna, shuruaat ki sahi jagah hai.