Stock market glossary

Is naam se bhi milta hai bear trap hindi, false breakdown.

Bear trap tab kehte hain jab daam support ke neeche girta hai aur phir usi level ke upar laut aata hai. Girawat shuru hoti dikhti hai, isliye kuch log usi disha mein position le lete hain — aur move tikta nahi. Ise sirf peeche mudkar hi naam diya ja sakta hai, jab level wapas le liya gaya ho.

Is naam se bhi milta hai bull trap hindi, false breakout.

Bull trap tab kehte hain jab daam kisi resistance ya purane high ke upar jaata hai, breakout jaisa dikhta hai, aur phir usi level ke neeche wapas aa jaata hai. Jinhone use asli breakout maana woh phans jaate hain. Jab tak daam upar hai, tab tak ise asli breakout se alag pehchanne ka koi pakka tareeka nahi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai breakout hindi, level cross.

Breakout tab kehte hain jab daam pehle se khinchi hui kisi seema ke paar chala jaata hai — range ka upar ya neeche, ya koi purana high ya low. Aam taur par tab dhyan diya jaata hai jab band us level ke paar ho. Iska matlab sirf itna hai ki seema paar hui. Isse aage ka koi vaada isme shamil nahi hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai false breakout hindi, fake breakout.

False breakout tab hota hai jab daam kisi tay level ke paar jaata hai aur wahan tik nahi paata, wapas purani range mein aa jaata hai. Woh level support ho sakta hai, resistance, koi trendline, ya din ki opening range. Ise sirf baad mein pehchana ja sakta hai — us waqt yeh asli breakout jaisa hi dikhta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai support resistance hindi, price zones.

Support aur resistance chart par woh zones hain jahan pehle khareed ya bikwali jama hoti rahi hai. Daam wahan ruk sakta hai, dheema ho sakta hai, ya mud sakta hai. Support abhi ke daam se neeche hota hai, resistance upar. Yeh vivaran hain ki pehle kya hua — yeh nahi ki aage kya hoga.

Is naam se bhi milta hai 52 week high hindi, yearly range.

52-week high pichhle ek saal mein trade hua sabse ooncha daam hai, aur 52-week low sabse neecha. Yeh chalti hui ek saal ki khidki par intraday daamon se nikale jaate hain. Yeh sirf beeta hua vivaran hai — na sahi keemat batate hain, na aage ki disha.

Is naam se bhi milta hai delivery percentage hindi, demat.

Delivery percentage yeh batata hai ki kisi share ki kul traded quantity ka kitna hissa asli delivery mein badla — yaani shares demat account mein gaye. Baaki hissa usi din square off ho gaya tha. Yeh sirf ginti hai. Kisne liya, kyun liya, aur kitne samay ke liye rakha — in mein se kuch bhi isse pata nahi chalta.

Is naam se bhi milta hai open interest hindi, OI matlab.

Open interest kisi contract ke un sabhi positions ki ginti hai jo abhi tak band nahi hui. Har naya contract jo 2 naye logon ke beech banta hai, use ek badha deta hai. Jab dono side band karte hain, ek ghata deta hai. Yeh ginti hai ki abhi kitna khula hua hai — na yeh ki din bhar kitna kaam hua, aur na yeh ki kis taraf jayega.

Is naam se bhi milta hai short covering hindi, open interest.

Short covering tab hoti hai jab jinhone pehle becha tha — bina rakhe bech diya tha — woh wapas khareed kar apni position band karte hain. Us khareed se daam upar ja sakta hai, bhale koi nayi tezi ki soch na ho. Yeh nayi long khareed se alag hai, aur open interest usme aam taur par ghatta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai traded volume hindi, activity.

Traded volume woh quantity hai jo ek tay avadhi mein haath badli. Cash security mein yeh shares mein hoti hai, derivative mein contracts ya units mein. Yeh activity ginta hai, log nahi — ek hi share ek din mein kai baar khareeda aur becha ja sakta hai, aur har baar woh volume mein ginta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai relative volume hindi, rvol.

Relative volume ab tak trade hue volume ko ek reference average ke saamne rakhta hai. Dono khidkiyan ek jaisi honi chahiye — aadhe din ka volume poore din ke average se milaana galat jawab deta hai. Ise aam taur par ek anupaat ki tarah likha jaata hai, aur iski koi ek standard paribhasha nahi hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai vwap hindi, volume weighted.

VWAP chuni hui avadhi ka woh ausat daam hai jisme har daam ko wahan hue volume ke hisaab se tola jaata hai. Chart par yeh lagbhag hamesha intraday hota hai aur har session mein reset ho jaata hai. Yeh peeche ki taraf dekhne wala chalta hua average hai — aage kya hoga, yeh nahi batata.

Is naam se bhi milta hai atr hindi, average true range.

ATR yaani Average True Range yeh naapta hai ki chuni hui avadhi mein daam aam taur par kitna hila. Har bar ka poora phailaav ginta hai, gap bhi shamil karke, phir unka average nikaalta hai. Yeh sirf move ka size batata hai. Bada ATR yeh nahi kehta ki daam upar jaayega ya neeche — dono taraf ka hilna ek jaisa dikhta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai EMA 20, EMA 50.

EMA daam ka average hai. Har nayi reading latest candle ke close ko pichhle average ke saath milati hai. Naye closes ka wazan purane closes se zyada hota hai. Period tay karta hai ki line kitni jaldi badle. Same candles par EMA 20, EMA 50 se tez badalta hai. Yahan 20 aur 50 candles hain, minutes nahi. 3-minute chart par har input 3-minute candle ka close hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai price bands, Bollinger kya hai.

Bollinger Bands average daam ke aas-paas 2 lines hain. Desk aakhri 20 candles ke closes leta hai. Beech ki line unka saadha average hai. Upar aur neeche ki lines usse 2 standard deviations door hain. Standard deviation batata hai ki closes apne average se kitne phaile hain. Chaude bands haal ka bada phailaav dikhate hain. Patle bands chhota phailaav dikhate hain. Yeh chart ka hisaab hai. Agla daam bands ke andar hi rahega, aisa koi vaada nahi hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai RSI 14, RSI kya hai.

RSI haal ki badhat ko haal ki girawat se compare karta hai. Us santulan ko 0 se 100 ke scale par rakhta hai. Desk period 14 aur Wilder smoothing leta hai. Badi reading ka matlab haal ki smoothed badhat, smoothed girawat se zyada hai. Chhoti reading ka matlab iska ulta hai. Is number ki price unit nahi hai, isliye yeh daam ke chart ke neeche alag pane mein aata hai. Yeh NIFTY ko BANKNIFTY se compare nahi karta.

Is naam se bhi milta hai EMA 20 and EMA 50 cross, low risk chart strategy.

Trend follow ek fixed chart rule hai. Iska risk level low hai. Yeh 2 lines dekhta hai, EMA 20 aur EMA 50. EMA 20 zyada tez badalta hai. EMA 20 cross karke EMA 50 ke upar aaye, toh rule Buy plan karta hai. Neeche aaye, toh Sell. Har trade ke 3 daam pehle se tay hote hain: entry, stop aur target. Stop par trade haar maan leta hai. Target par woh fayda le leta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai Pullback to VWAP, medium risk chart strategy.

VWAP pullback ek fixed chart rule hai. Iska risk level medium hai. VWAP din ka average daam hai. Har daam ka wazan us par trade hui quantity se tay hota hai. Rule pehle EMA 20 aur EMA 50 se trend dekhta hai. Phir pullback ka intezaar karta hai. Pullback trend ke ulte ek chhota move hai. Daam VWAP tak aaye aur trend ki taraf wapas close ho, toh rule trend ki disha mein trade plan karta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai high risk chart strategy, Bollinger squeeze kya hai.

Squeeze breakout ek fixed chart rule hai. Iska risk level high hai. Yeh Bollinger Bands use karta hai, yaani 20-candle average ke aas-paas 2 lines. Bands bahut patle hon, toh daam shaant raha hai. Ise squeeze kehte hain. Squeeze ke baad rule band ke bahar close ka intezaar karta hai. Upar wale band ke upar close Buy plan karta hai. Neeche wale band ke neeche close Sell plan karta hai. Iska stop tight hai, yaani entry ke paas.

Is naam se bhi milta hai option premium hindi, intrinsic value.

Option ka daam premium hai. Buyer deta hai, seller paata hai. Quoted premium ko lot size se guna karne par ek lot ki rakam milti hai. Isme 2 hisse hain: intrinsic value aur time value. Abhi expiry ho toh jo value bache woh intrinsic hai. Uske upar ka premium time value hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai intrinsic value hindi, option value.

Intrinsic value option ke daam ka woh hissa hai jo abhi use karne par bach jaata. Call ke liye yeh spot aur strike ka faasla hai jab spot upar ho. Put ke liye ulta hai. Agar aisa koi faasla na ho to intrinsic value zero hoti hai — negative kabhi nahi hoti, kyunki na use karne ka vikalp hamesha rehta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai time value hindi, time decay.

Time value option ke daam ka woh hissa hai jo abhi maujood nahi hai — jo sirf isliye diya jaata hai ki expiry tak kuch ho sakta hai. Jaise jaise expiry paas aati hai, woh sambhavna kam hoti jaati hai aur yeh hissa ghatta jaata hai. Expiry ke din yeh zero ho jaata hai, chahe spot kahin bhi ho.

Is naam se bhi milta hai strike price hindi, strike matlab.

Strike woh daam hai jo contract mein pehle se likha hota hai aur badalta nahi. Spot roz hilta hai, strike wahi rehta hai — aur inke beech ka faasla hi tay karta hai ki option abhi kis haal mein hai. Exchange ek expiry ke liye kai strikes list karta hai, tay antaraal par, taaki har reader ko aas-paas ke level mil jaayein.

Is naam se bhi milta hai moneyness hindi, ITM OTM matlab.

Moneyness sirf yeh batata hai ki option ka strike abhi ke spot ke mukable kahan hai. Agar abhi use karne par kuch bachta ho to use in the money kehte hain. Agar kuch na bachta ho to out of the money kehte hain. Jab dono lagbhag barabar hon to at the money kehte hain. Yeh ek jagah ka varnan hai, kisi acche ya bure sauda ka faisla nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai option chain hindi, chain kaise padhein.

Option chain ek table hai jisme ek expiry ke saare strikes ek saath dikhte hain — har strike par call ki taraf ka data ek taraf aur put ki taraf ka doosri taraf. Usme daam, us din ka kaam, khuli hui positions aur nikala hua volatility anumaan hote hain. Yeh ek tasveer hai ki abhi kahan kya khada hai, aage kya hoga uska ishara nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai implied volatility hindi, IV matlab.

Implied volatility koi maapi hui cheez nahi hai. Yeh ulta nikala jaata hai — option ka jo daam market mein chal raha hai, usse peeche ki taraf hisaab lagakar dekha jaata hai ki us daam ko sahi thehraane ke liye kitna hilna maan liya gaya hai. Isliye yeh bazaar ki umeed hai, kisi aane wale move ka maap nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai delta hindi, option greeks.

Delta yeh batata hai ki underlying ke ek unit hilne par option ka premium kitna badlega. Call ka delta shoonya aur ek ke beech hota hai, put ka rin ek aur shoonya ke beech. At the money option lagbhag aadha move pakadta hai. Yeh ek anumaan hai jo sirf chhote move ke liye theek rehta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai gamma hindi, delta badlav.

Delta batata hai ki spot ek unit hilne par option kitna hilega. Gamma ek kadam peeche ka sawaal hai: spot hilne par delta khud kitna badal jayega. Isliye gamma raftaar ka nahi, raftaar ke badalne ka paimana hai — aur wahi wajah hai ki option ka behaviour ek seedhi line jaisa nahi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai theta hindi, time decay.

Theta ek anumaan hai ki agar aur sab kuch waisa hi rahe, to ek din guzarne par option ki value kitni ghategi. Kharidne wale ke liye yeh ghatav hai, bechne wale ke liye ulta. Yeh ek model ka nikala hua number hai, koi tay rakam nahi — aur woh roz badalta rehta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai vega hindi, volatility asar.

Vega batata hai ki agar aage ke hilne ka anumaan thoda badal jaye, to option ki value kitni badlegi — spot ko wahin khada rakhte hue. Isi wajah se kabhi kabhi spot bilkul nahi hilta aur option ka daam phir bhi badal jaata hai. Lambi expiry wale options par yeh asar zyada hota hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai expiry day hindi, settlement.

Expiry day woh aakhri din hai jab kisi derivative contract mein trade ho sakta hai. Uske baad woh settle hota hai aur khatam ho jaata hai. Index options cash mein settle hote hain — koi share haath nahi badalta. Schedule exchange tay karta hai aur woh pehle bhi badla hai, isliye yaad kiya hua niyam har baar jaanch lena chahiye.

Is naam se bhi milta hai rollover hindi, expiry.

Rollover ka matlab hai expire ho rahi series mein position band karna aur agli series mein wahi position kholna, taaki exposure expiry ke paar chalta rahe. Yeh 2 alag trades hain, 1 nahi. Iski laagat dono series ke daamon ka antar hai. Rollover ka aankda beeti hui baat batata hai, aage ka anumaan nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai circuit limit hindi, price band.

Circuit limit ya price band yeh tay karti hai ki ek trading session mein kisi security ka daam pichhle band se kitna door ja sakta hai. Upper circuit upar ki seema hai, lower circuit neeche ki. In seemaon ke baahar ke daam par order sweekar nahi hote. Yeh sirf daayra tay karti hai, wajah nahi batati.

Is naam se bhi milta hai t1 settlement hindi, settlement cycle.

T+1 settlement Bharat ke cash market ka rolling settlement niyam hai. Jis trading din sauda hua, uske ek settlement din baad shares aur paisa haath badalte hain. Yahan ginti settlement ke dinon ki hoti hai, calendar dinon ki nahi. Weekend, exchange holidays aur NSE Clearing ke settlement holidays chhod diye jaate hain.

Is naam se bhi milta hai stt hindi, transaction tax.

Securities Transaction Tax ek statutory tax hai jo Bharat sarkar securities ki khareed aur bikri par lagati hai, jab woh kisi recognised stock exchange par hoti hai. Yeh equity shares, equity-oriented mutual funds aur equity derivatives par lagta hai. Yeh lein-den par hai — isliye munafa hua ya nuksan, yeh usse tay nahi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai impact cost hindi, slippage.

Impact cost screen par dikh rahe daam aur asli fill ke beech ka antar hai. Order ko doosri taraf se milna padta hai — khareed ask ki taraf badhti hai, bikwali bid ki taraf. Bada order book mein aur gehra jaata hai, isliye antar badhta hai. Yeh pehle se kahin publish nahi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai liquidity hindi, order book.

Liquidity yeh batati hai ki ek di gayi quantity kitni aasani se trade ho sakti hai — sawaal yeh hai ki woh abhi screen par dikh rahe daamon ke paas bhar paayegi ya nahi. Yeh order book ka gun hai, aakhri traded daam ka nahi. Dono taraf kitni size padi hai aur woh kitni jaldi bharti hai, us par yeh tikta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai lot size hindi, contract size.

Lot size yeh hai ki ek futures ya options contract underlying ki kitni units ke liye khada hota hai. Derivatives mein koi bhi quantity nahi khareedi ja sakti — exchange har instrument ke liye units per lot tay karta hai, aur har order usi ka poora multiple hona chahiye. Yeh sirf quantity tay karta hai, aur kuch nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai margin hindi, leverage.

Margin woh paisa hai jo leveraged position sambhalne ke liye jama rakhna padta hai — yaani jab position uske liye lagaye gaye cash se badi ho. Yeh broker ke paas rehta hai aur wahan se clearing corporation tak jaata hai. Yeh sambhavit nuksan ke saamne collateral hai, us nuksan ki upper limit nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai muhurat trading hindi, diwali session.

Muhurat Trading ek chhota ceremonial session hai jo NSE aur BSE Diwali ki shaam par karte hain. Parampara mein ise shubh samay maana jaata hai aur isse naya Samvat saal shuru hota hai. Yeh aam taur par lagbhag ek ghante ka hota hai aur saamanya segments cover karta hai. Iska koi bhavishya batane wala arth nahi hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai breakeven hindi, zero result.

Breakeven woh bindu hai jahan tay kiya gaya natija theek shoonya hota hai — na fayda, na nuksan. Zaroori baat yeh hai ki yeh sirf ek batayi gayi ginti ke andar sach hai. Charges se pehle ka breakeven aur charges ke baad ka breakeven alag jagah par hote hain, aur inhe milaana sabse aam galti hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai base rate hindi, unconditional frequency.

Base rate yeh hai ki koi cheez bina kisi rule ke, apne aap kitni baar hoti hai. Usi aabadi par, usi avadhi mein. Yeh har conditional dawe ka benchmark hai. Koi rule tabhi kuch jodta hai jab woh base rate se aage nikle — warna woh sirf wahi bata raha hai jo waise bhi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai hit rate hindi, win rate.

Hit rate yeh hissa hai ki kitni baar koi rule ya faisla waisa nikla jaisa socha gaya tha — jo chale unhe kul liye gaye se baant do. Yeh subject ka sabse zyada bola jaane wala aur sabse kam samjha jaane wala number hai, kyunki akela yeh natije ka size bilkul nahi batata.

Is naam se bhi milta hai expectancy hindi, average per trade.

Expectancy yeh batata hai ki ek faisla ausat mein kitne ka hai, jab jeet, haar aur laagat, yeh 3 gin liye jaayein. Hit rate ko ausat jeet se guna karo, usme se miss rate guna ausat haar ghatao, phir laagat ghatao. Iska chinh sabse zyada maayne rakhta hai — lekin yeh ausat hai, koi vaada nahi.

Is naam se bhi milta hai sample size hindi, confidence.

Sample size yeh hai ki koi maap kitne swatantra observations par tiki hai. Yeh maapi gayi value ko nahi badalta. Woh yeh tay karta hai ki asli value us se kitni door ho sakti hai. Chhote sample par yeh daayra itna chauda hota hai ki usme mazboot asar aur bilkul koi asar na hona, dono aa jaate hain.

Is naam se bhi milta hai drawdown hindi, maximum drawdown.

Drawdown pichhle sabse upar wale bindu se uske baad ki sabse neeche wali jagah tak ki girawat hai. Maximum drawdown us avadhi ki sabse badi aisi girawat hai. Yeh alag sawaal hai us se ki anth mein kya bacha — kyunki balance beech mein kahan tak gaya tha, wahi yahan naapa jaata hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai null model hindi, shuffle test.

Null model usi analysis ka jaan bujh kar bemani banaya gaya rup hai. Sabse aam tareeka shuffle hai: wahi data lo, rule aur natije ke beech ka rishta random tareeke se tod do, aur kai baar dobara chalao. Jo aata hai woh dikhata hai ki jab sach mein kuch nahi ho raha, tab bhi output kitna acha dikh sakta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai overfitting hindi, curve fitting.

Overfitting tab hota hai jab rule sirf usi data ko describe karta hai jisse woh banaya gaya tha, aur kisi dohraaye jaane wali cheez ko nahi. Woh purane par theek baithta hai aur naye par gir jaata hai. Yeh hamesha tab hota hai jab ek hi data se rule chuna bhi jaaye aur uska faisla bhi kiya jaaye.

Is naam se bhi milta hai out of sample hindi, holdout.

Out-of-sample test kisi rule ko us data par jaanchta hai jiska uske chunav mein koi haath nahi tha — na koi threshold us par set hua, na koi avadhi uski wajah se chuni gayi, na koi variation use dekh kar hataya gaya. Jis data se rule bana, usme jawab pehle se maujood hai, isliye woh jaanch nahi kar sakta.

Is naam se bhi milta hai cagr hindi, annual growth rate.

CAGR shuruaati value se antim value tak ke badlav ko ek hi sthir saalana rate ki tarah likhta hai. Woh rate jo poore samay chalta rehta toh wahi antim value banti. Yeh ek smoothing hai — ek seedha sa jawab jo yeh nahi batata ki beech mein rasta kaisa tha.

Is naam se bhi milta hai xirr hindi, cash flow return.

XIRR ek saalana rate hai jo un cash flows par kaam karta hai jo tay calendar dates par hote hain. Yeh woh rate hai jis par saare flows present value mein jud kar shoonya ho jaate hain. Seedha shuruaat se anth ka rate dates ko andekha karta hai. XIRR har contribution aur har nikaasi ki asli date ginta hai.

Is naam se bhi milta hai holding dates.

Capital gain kisi asset ko uski eligible cost se zyada par bechne se banta hai. Listed share sale mein shuruaat sale value se purchase cost ghataane se hoti hai. Kuch manzoor expenses taxable amount badal sakte hain. Holding dates tay karti hain ki gain short term hai ya long term. Dono ke tax rules alag ho sakte hain. Tax se pehle ka gain, charges aur tax ke baad bacha paisa nahi hota.

Is naam se bhi milta hai open interest, option chain.

Max pain woh strike hai jahan table ke open options expiry par buyers ko sabse kam dete hain. Kharid ki lagat wahi rahe toh buyers ka kul loss yahan sabse zyada hai. Open interest (OI) un khule contracts ki ginti hai. Naam ek jod ka hai, price ke forecast ka nahi.