Share Market Kyu Girta Hai? 12 Aam Kaaran
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Share market kyu girta hai? 12 aam kaaran, NIFTY ka example, correction aur crash ka farak, aur girte market mein bhi put kyun haar sakta hai.
Share market kyu girta hai? Daam tab girte hain jab khareedne wale pehle se kam dene ko taiyaar hote hain. Aisa tab hota hai jab niveshak kam profit ki ummeed karte hain, risk ke badle zyada return chahte hain, ya unhe cash chahiye. Interest rates, duniya ki khabrein aur bhaari selling, sab badal sakte hain ki khareedne wale kitna denge. Laal screen sirf batati hai ki daam hile. Kyun hile, yeh jaanna doosra kadam hai.
- Daam tab girta hai jab bechne wale intezaar kar rahi bids le lete hain, aur khareedne wale apni bid ghata dete hain ya hata lete hain.
- Zyaadatar girawat 3 cheezon par aati hai: kam profit ki ummeed, zyada return ki chaah, ya bechne ka dabaav.
- Daily fall, correction aur crash alag alag shuruaati point se alag cheezein naapte hain.
- Girta market khareede gaye put ko fayda nahi dilata. Move diye gaye premium se bada hona chahiye.
Daam asal mein neeche kaise jaata hai
Har trade mein utne hi shares ka ek khareedne wala aur ek bechne wala hota hai. Isliye “khareedne walon se zyada bechne wale” sirf ek shortcut hai. Asli baat yeh hai ki dono taraf kitni jaldi hai, aur har price par kitne shares intezaar kar rahe hain.
Kisi price par intezaar kar raha buy order bid kehlata hai. Maan lo aakhri trade ₹100 par hua, aur ek bechne wala abhi 250 shares bechna chahta hai. Koi naya order nahi aata.
| Intezaar karti bid | Intezaar karte shares | Usko beche gaye shares |
|---|---|---|
| ₹100 | 100 | 100 |
| ₹99 | 100 | 100 |
| ₹98 | 100 | 50 |
Aakhri trade ₹98 par hota hai. Bechne wale ko kul ₹24,800 milte hain, yaani ₹99.20 per share average, charges se pehle. Har share ka ek khareedne wala tha. Bas woh neeche ke prices par intezaar kar rahe the. Jis price ki tum ummeed karte ho aur jo milta hai, uske farak ko kehte hain.
Share market kyu girta hai? 12 aam kaaran
Achhi samjhaish kisi ghatna ko 3 mein se ek cheez se jodti hai: niveshakon ki profit ki ummeed, unka chahiye hua return, ya asli bechne ka dabaav. Neeche diye kaaran sambhav wajahein hain. Kisi din kaunsi wajah sach mein chali, yeh jaanne ke liye saboot chahiye.
| Kaaran | Yeh kya badalta hai |
|---|---|
| Kam profit ki ummeed | Jis company se kam kamaai ki ummeed ho, niveshak uske liye kam dete hain. Achhe results bhi niraash kar sakte hain agar logon ko aur zyada ki ummeed thi. |
| Zyada interest rates ya bond yields | Udhaar mehnga hota hai, aur surakshit nivesh zyada dete hain. Achanak badlav us badlav se zyada matter karta hai jiski sabko pehle se ummeed thi. |
| Badhti mehngai | Companies ki laagat badhti hai, aur gharon ke paas kharch karne ko kam paisa bachta hai. |
| Aise daam jo bahut zyada growth maan kar chale | Chhoti si niraasha bhi kam kar sakti hai ki niveshak profit ke har rupaye ke liye kitna dete hain. |
| Dheemi growth ka dar | Niveshak sales aur profit ke andaaze ghata dete hain, aksar kamzor data aane se pehle hi. |
| Videsh mein koi jhatka | Duniya bhar ke niveshak risk ghatane ya cash jutane ke liye bech sakte hain, isliye Indian shares par bhi asar padta hai. |
| Bade niveshakon ki selling | Videshi aur Indian institutions badi rakam trade karte hain. Jab kam khareedne wale intezaar kar rahe hon, unki selling daam neeche dhakel sakti hai. |
| Mehnga crude oil | India apne istemal ka zyaadatar crude oil bahar se mangata hai, isliye laagat aur mehngai badh sakti hai. Kuch companies ko fayda hota hai, bahut si zyada deti hain. |
| Kamzor rupaya | Imports aur videshi currency ke loans rupaye mein mehnge padte hain. Exporters ko fayda ho sakta hai. |
| Policy ya company ki khabar | Naya tax, niyam mein badlav ya company ki buri khabar badal deti hai ki business se kitni kamaai ki ummeed hai. |
| Profit booking ya cash ki zaroorat | Log rally ke baad ya paisa jutane ke liye bechte hain, chahe koi buri khabar na ho. |
| Margin calls aur trigger hue orders | Udhaar ke paise se trade karne walon ko bechna pad sakta hai, aur stop orders aur selling jod sakte hain. |
Shuru karne wali wajah aur badhane wali wajah ko alag pehchano. Kamzor results girawat shuru kar sakte hain. Majboori ki selling aur kam intezaar karte khareedne wale use bada bana sakte hain.
Profit mein chhoti kami se badi girawat kyun aa sakti hai
Price to earnings ratio, yaani P/E, share price ko per share profit se bhaag dene par milta hai. Maan lo ek company se ₹20 per share kamaai ki ummeed hai. 25 ke P/E par maana hua price ₹500 hai. Ab kamaai ki ummeed ₹18 ho jaati hai, aur niveshak sirf 20 ka P/E dene ko taiyaar hain. Maana hua price ₹360 ho jaata hai.
Stock market crash ya correction: farak kya hai?
| Shabd | Aam matlab | Yeh kya nahi batata |
|---|---|---|
| Daily fall | Pichhle din ke close se girawat. | Daam pehle ke peak se kitna neeche hain. |
| Correction | Aksar haal ke high se lagbhag 10% ya usse zyada girawat. | Kya bottom aa gaya hai. |
| Bear market | Aksar haal ke high se 20% ya usse zyada ki chaudi girawat. | Recovery kab, ya kitni tezi se, aayegi. |
| Crash | Achanak, bahut tez girawat. Iska koi tay percentage nahi hai. | Iski wajah kya thi. |
Yeh aam label hain, official niyam nahi. Hamesha shuruaati point jaancho. Agar NIFTY pichhle din 25,000 ke baad 24,500 par band hota hai, to yeh 2% ki daily fall hai. Agar uska peak 27,000 tha, to woh peak se lagbhag 9.3% neeche bhi hai.
Market-wide circuit breakers exchange ka alag niyam hain. Jab index ek din mein tay maatra se hilta hai, to woh poori trading rok dete hain. ka glossary page batata hai ki yeh kaise kaam karte hain.
Aaj stock market kyun gir raha hai? Kaise jaanchein
- Date, samay aur index likho. Points aur percentage note karo, aur yeh bhi ki baat aaj ki hai ya peak se.
- Dekho girawat kitni chaudi hai. NIFTY 50 ko BANKNIFTY aur sector indices se compare karo, aur dekho kaunse bade naam sabse zyada hile.
- Asli khabar dhoondho. Exchange filings, company results, RBI ke bayan ya official data use karo, forward kiya hua screenshot nahi.
- Khabar ko logon ki ummeed se compare karo. Result achha hokar bhi forecast se kamzor ho sakta hai.
- Jude hue markets dekho, jaise bond yields, oil, rupaya aur videshi markets. Mel khaana ek idea ko sahara deta hai. Use saabit nahi karta.
- Likho ki kya pata hai aur kya abhi saaf nahi hai. Jab tak saboot mazboot na ho, apne jawab ko interpretation kaho.
Lambe nivesh ke liye girawat ka matlab
Yaad karo ki nivesh kyun kiya tha, tumhara kitna paisa usme hai, aur paise ki zaroorat kab hai. Agar business khud badal gaya hai, to kam price ka matlab alag hota hai.
SIP tay rakam ko ek tay date par regular nivesh karne ka tareeka hai. Yeh loss se nahi bachata. Girawat par koi ek sahi jawab nahi hai. Yeh nivesh, tumhare lakshya aur tum kitna loss seh sakte ho, is par tika hai.
Agar ₹100 ₹80 ho jaata hai, to wapas ₹100 tak aane ke liye ₹80 par ₹20 chahiye, yaani 25%. 20% ki badhat ₹80 ko sirf ₹96 tak le jaati hai. Isi liye loss ka size utna hi matter karta hai jitna jeete hue trades ki ginti.
NIFTY girne par bhi put option mein loss kyun ho sakta hai?
Put option aam taur par tab badhta hai jab index girta hai, agar baaki kuch na badle. Par phir bhi isme loss ho sakta hai, kyunki diya gaya , , bacha hua time aur , sab matter karte hain. Disha sahi pakadna sirf aadhi baat hai.
Yeh ek kaalpanik example hai. NIFTY 25,000 par shuru hota hai. Ek learner 24,800 strike ka put 100 points ke premium par khareedta hai. par index 24,750 par settle hota hai, yaani 250 points ki girawat. Put ki value sirf 50 points hai, jo 24,800 aur 24,750 ka farak hai. 50 ki cheez ke liye 100 dena charges se pehle 1 unit par 50 points ka loss hai. 24,700 tha. Disha sahi thi, par move bahut chhota tha.
Expiry se pehle aur implied volatility ki girawat bhi premium ghata sakte hain. Points ko rupaye mein badalne ke liye unhe contract ke lot size se guna karo.
Paper Trading desk par girawat padhne ki practice karo
LearnNifty ke Paper Trading desk par tum practice cash se girte market ko samajh sakte ho. Ek scenario chuno aur pehle likho ki tumhe kya hone ki ummeed hai. Phir index, premium aur bacha hua time dekho. Desk ke prices ek model se aate hain, NSE se nahi, isliye practice ka result asli markets ke baare mein kuch saabit nahi karta.
Paper Trading desk kholoSources, aur har ek kab check hua
- NSE Indices, NIFTY 50 index (naye tab mein khulta hai) — NIFTY 50 kaise banta hai: 50 stocks ka index, jo companies ki free-float market value par calculate hota hai. (check hua )
Sources
Agar yahan ka koi figure apne source se alag lage, toh source par bharosa kijiye.
Ise number mein dekho
33% loss bharne ke liye lagbhag 49.3% badhat kyun chahiye?
20% girne ke baad 20% badhna kaafi kyun nahi hai. Base chhota ho jaata hai, aur formula wahi batata hai.
Kholo →SIP mein har instalment kya kharidta hai?
Har instalment us din ke NAV par units kharidta hai. Average cost prices ka average nahi hota, aur woh protection bhi nahi hai.
Kholo →Poore bazaar ka girta din: sabke saath gira, uske baad kya gina gaya.
Jis din eligible securities ka median tay seema se zyada gira — shart bazaar ki hai, ek naam ki nahi. Study ki definition, uska control aur uski ginti.
Kholo →Circuit limit: ek din mein kitna hil sakta hai.
Circuit limit tay karti hai ki ek session mein daam pichhle band se kitna upar ya neeche ja sakta hai. Wajah yeh kabhi nahi batati.
Kholo →Aksar poochhe sawaal
Achhi khabar ke baad market kyun girta hai?
Ho sakta hai khabar niveshakon ki ummeed se kam achhi ho, ya price mein woh pehle se shaamil ho. Khabar ko us ummeed se compare karo jo uske aane se pehle thi.
Kya market girne ka matlab hai ki har company ka haal bura hai?
Nahi. Index alag alag wazan wali kai companies ko milata hai. Kuch badi companies use neeche kheench sakti hain jabki baaki wahin rahein ya badhein.
Kya FII selling NIFTY ke liye hamesha buri hai?
Hamesha nahi. Videshi niveshakon ki selling dabaav badha sakti hai, par doosre khareedne wale woh shares le sakte hain. Jis din ek group bech raha ho, us din bhi market badh sakta hai.
Market girne par kya SIP rok deni chahiye?
Aisa koi jawab nahi jo sab par fit ho. SIP regular nivesh ka tareeka hai, loss se suraksha nahi. Fund, apna lakshya aur paise ki zaroorat kab hai, yeh dekho.
Kya market zaroor wapas aayega?
Recovery ki koi date guarantee nahi hai. Ek company hamesha ke liye nuksan utha sakti hai, aur index ko purane high tak lautne mein lamba, anischit samay lag sakta hai.
Kya market girne par bhi put mein loss ho sakta hai?
Haan. Girawat diye gaye premium ke liye bahut chhoti ho sakti hai. Time decay, kam implied volatility aur charges bhi result ghata sakte hain.
Aage padho
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Lesson kholoImpact cost is the difference between the price shown on screen and the price a trade is actually filled at.
Aage padhoOn NSE, a circuit limit (price band) is the most a security's price may move in one trading session, measured from the previous day's close.
Aage padhoThe strike price is the level at which an option can be exercised.
Aage padhoIV full form is implied volatility.
Aage padhoExpiry day is the last day on which a derivative contract can be traded.
Aage padhoBreakeven is the point at which a defined result is exactly zero.
Aage padhoTheta is the rate at which an option's premium erodes as one day passes.
Aage padho