Series VI Depository Operations exam: dhaancha aur padhai ka rasta.

Poori series ke sawaal kholo

KAISE PADHEIN

Ek unit padhiye, phir usi ke sawaal

13 unit ek kram mein chalte hain. Unit 1 aur 2 buniyaad hain: bazaar, aur depository ka kaam. Unit 3 batata hai ki depository kin saathiyon ke saath kaam karta hai. Unit 4 se 8 tak DP ke rozana ke kaam hain. Unit 9 se 11 tak khaas services hain, jaise pledge, corporate actions aur debt. Aakhri 2 unit videshi investors aur investor services par hain.

Ek unit padhiye, phir sirf usi ke sawaal kijiye. Har galat jawab ke saath ek line likhiye: galti kahan hui. Kya 2 milte julte shabd ulat gaye, jaise pledge aur transfer? Ya koi purana niyam yaad tha? Yahi chhoti list revision ka asli kaam karti hai.

Unit 1: capital market ka naksha
Depository bazaar ke andar kaam karta hai. Pehle bazaar ka naksha saaf ho, tab aage ke saare units apni jagah baithte hain.

Unit 1: capital market ka naksha.

Yeh unit bazaar ka naksha deta hai. Primary market mein company naye shares jaari karke paisa uthati hai. Secondary market mein investor pehle se bane shares aapas mein lete dete hain. Saath mein regulator, kanoon aur investor ke 3 alag account bhi aate hain.

• Naye shares jaari hona primary market hai, purane shares ka len-den secondary.
• Equity share company mein hissedari hai. Debenture holder ka company par karz ka daava hota hai.
• Depository aur DP par SEBI ki nazar hai, aur unka kanoon Depositories Act hai.
• Order trading account se, shares demat mein, aur paisa bank account se.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Bazaar, regulator aur 3 account

Pehla sawaal yeh hai ki sauda kis bazaar ka hai. Company naye shares deti hai aur paisa khud leti hai, toh woh primary market hai. Ek investor doosre investor se shares leta hai, toh paisa bechne wale ko milta hai. Company ko us saude se naya paisa nahi milta.

Phir niyam aate hain. SEBI depository aur DP ka regulator hai, yaani niyam banata hai aur nazar rakhta hai. Depositories Act demat mein shares rakhne aur transfer karne ka kanoon hai. DP ka customer agreement in niyamon ke andar hi chalta hai. Client ke dastakhat bhi SEBI ke zaroori nirdesh ko kaat nahi sakte.

DHYAN

3 galtiyan jo yahan aam hain

Pehli galti: har demat credit ko secondary market ka sauda maan lena. Naye issue ke shares bhi demat mein hi aate hain. Isliye dekhiye ki share naya jaari hua, ya purana share haath badal raha hai.

Doosri galti: bank ke DP ko sirf bank ke regulator ke neeche maan lena. DP ka kaam SEBI aur Depositories Act ke daayre mein aata hai.

Teesri galti: trade confirm hone ko shares pahunchna samajh lena. Order poora hona aur settlement poora hona alag kadam hain. Bechne wala shares na de, toh ise settlement risk kehte hain.

Unit do: depository aur asli malik
Bazaar ka naksha ban gaya. Ab woh sanstha aati hai jo shares ka electronic record rakhti hai.

Unit do: depository aur asli malik.

Depository shares ka electronic record rakhta hai, jise demat kehte hain. Isse kaagaz ke certificate ke khone, chori ya jaali hone ka khatra ghatta hai. Kanoon mein depository sirf transfer ke kaam ke liye registered owner hai. Asli haq investor ke paas rehte hain, jise beneficial owner ya BO kehte hain.

• Demat sirf rakhne ka roop hai. Isse daam girne ka khatra nahi jaata.
• Vote aur baaki haq BO ke paas rehte hain, depository ke paas nahi.
• Ek hi security ki units aapas mein badli ja sakti hain. Ise fungibility kehte hain.
• Ek demat account mein kai companiyon ki securities rakhi ja sakti hain.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Record kaun rakhta hai, aur malik kaun hai

Depository ek electronic khaata rakhta hai. Usme har account ki har security ki quantity aur uska status likha hota hai. Har security ka apna code hota hai, jise ISIN kehte hain. Transfer ka matlab hai ek account mein debit aur doosre mein credit. Depository daam tay nahi karta, woh sahi instruction par record badalta hai.

Kanoon 2 tarah ki malkiyat alag rakhta hai. Depository sirf transfer ke liye registered owner hai. Haq aur zimmedariyan BO ki hain. Depository ya DP ki laaparvaahi se BO ka nuksaan ho, toh depository bharpaayi karta hai. Phir woh laaparvaah DP se rakam wasool sakta hai. Depository ke bye-laws, yaani kaam ke niyam, SEBI ki pehle manzoori se bante hain.

DHYAN

Demat suraksha hai, guarantee nahi

Pehli galti: demat holding ko guaranteed nivesh samajhna. Demat kaagaz ke khatre ghatata hai. Daam girne ka khatra waisa hi rehta hai. Kanoon wali bharpaayi bhi laaparvaahi par hai, bazaar ke nuksaan par nahi.

Doosri galti: registered owner ko hi asli malik maan lena. Depository ka naam sirf transfer ke kaam ke liye hai. Vote ka haq BO ka hai, record rakhne wale ka nahi.

Teesri galti: statement ki kul quantity ko poori tarah transfer ke layak maan lena. Kuch shares pledge ya freeze ki rok mein ho sakte hain. Isliye balance ke saath uska status bhi padhiye.

Unit 3: depository ke saathi, aur kaun kya karta hai
Depository akela kaam nahi karta. DP, clearing corporation aur company ka record rakhne wala RTA bhi saath hain. Agla unit batata hai ki kaun kya karta hai.

Unit 3: depository ke saathi, aur kaun kya karta hai.

Is unit ka mool sawaal hai: kaunsa kaam kiska hai. DP investor ka account kholta aur chalata hai. RTA, yaani registrar and transfer agent, company ka record sambhalta hai. Clearing corporation exchange ke saudon ka dena-lena tay karta hai.

• Retail investor demat account DP ke zariye kholta hai.
• Broker hona DP hona nahi hai. DP ke liye alag registration aur manzoori chahiye.
• Demat request ko aakhir mein company ya uska RTA confirm karta hai.
• Dividend company ya uska RTA deta hai. DP dividend tay nahi karta.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Har saathi ka apna kaam

DP investor aur depository ke beech ki khidki hai. Woh account kholta hai aur investor ke sahi instruction aage bhejta hai. Demat ki request mein DP pehli jaanch karta hai. Phir company ya RTA apne record se milakar request confirm karta hai. Company, uska RTA aur depository milkar ek agreement karte hain. 3 parties ka hone se ise tripartite agreement kehte hain.

Unit DP ke andar ke control bhi dikhata hai. Ek karmachari instruction daalta hai, aur doosra use asli instruction se milata hai. Isse ek akele insaan ki galti ya bina ijaazat ka kaam pakda jaata hai. Naye account holder ko Rights and Obligations document dena aur uski receipt lena zaroori hai. Sirf website par daal dena kaafi nahi.

DHYAN

Kaam ka maalik pehchaaniye

Pehli galti: DP ke paas kaagaz pahunchte hi demat poora maan lena. DP ki jaanch pehla kadam hai. Company ya RTA ke confirm kiye bina electronic credit nahi aata.

Doosri galti: instruction ki doosri copy ko naya instruction samajhna. Pehle dekhiye ki woh pehle hi process ho chuka hai ya nahi. Sirf balance hona doosre debit ki ijaazat nahi hai.

Teesri galti: DP apni service band kare, toh client ke shares DP ke maan lena. Shares client ke hi rehte hain. Unhe tay prakriya se hi aage le jaaya jaata hai.

Unit 4: account kholna, aur pehchaan pakki karna
Saathiyon ke kaam saaf ho gaye. Ab DP ka pehla bada kaam aata hai: sahi pehchaan ke saath sahi account kholna.

Unit 4: account kholna, aur pehchaan pakki karna.

Account kholne se pehle DP ko pakka karna hota hai ki account kiska hai. Iske liye KYC hoti hai, yaani grahak ki pehchaan ki jaanch. Minor, company aur HUF ke account ke apne niyam hain. Freeze, account band karna aur bank details badalna bhi isi unit mein aata hai.

• KYC mein farak ho, toh account chalu hone se pehle use door karna hota hai.
• Minor ka account minor ke naam par hota hai, aur guardian use chalata hai.
• Credit lene ki standing instruction se debit ki ijaazat nahi milti.
• Zero balance ka matlab account band hona nahi hai.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Sahi insaan, sahi account, sahi ijaazat

Pehla kaam pehchaan hai. KYC ke kaagaz aapas mein na milein, toh pehle woh farak door hota hai. Minor baalig ho, toh KYC aur chalane ka adhikaar naye sire se darj hote hain. Company ke liye sirf authorised signatory instruction de sakta hai. Uska naam company ke darj mandate mein hona chahiye. HUF, yaani Hindu Undivided Family, ka account HUF ka hai. Karta sirf HUF ki taraf se use chalata hai.

UCC trading ke liye client ki pehchaan hai, aur BO ID demat account ki. Dono ka sahi jod zaroori hai. DDPI, yaani Demat Debit and Pledge Instruction, ek pehle se di gayi ijaazat hai. Use dena client ki marzi hai. Woh na de, toh DIS ya eDIS se kaam chalta hai. Yeh kaagzi ya electronic delivery instruction hain. Bank details jaisi zaroori cheez phone par nahi, tay jaanch ke raaste se badalti hai.

DHYAN

Jaldi aur jaan pehchaan niyam nahi badalte

Pehli galti: KYC ke farak ko chhoti clerical galti samajhna. Pehchaan hi account ki jad hai, isliye uska farak chhota nahi. Kisi ki sifarish ya jaldi use theek nahi karti.

Doosri galti: har freeze ko ek jaisa maan lena. Pehle disha dekhiye: debit freeze sirf bahar jaane wale shares rokta hai. Phir source dekhiye. Court ke order wala freeze account holder ki request se nahi hatta. Uske liye usi ya usse oonchi authority ka order chahiye.

Teesri galti: account band karke shares bhejte waqt sirf naam milana. Naye account mein wahi holder usi kram mein hone chahiye. Holder ya kram badle, toh woh alag prakriya hai.

Unit 5: account ka rozana kaam
Account khul gaya. Ab uska rozana ka kaam aata hai: charges, dastakhat, online services aur statement.

Unit 5: account ka rozana kaam.

BSDA, yaani Basic Services Demat Account, ek kam charge wala account hai. Yeh chhoti holding wale individual ke liye hai. Joint account mein debit mandate, yaani darj niyam, ke hisaab se hota hai. Online services, alerts aur statement ka hisaab bhi isi unit mein hai.

• BSDA ke liye sirf kam value kaafi nahi. Account ki shartein bhi poori honi chahiye.
• AMC, yaani saal ka maintenance charge, zero ho tab bhi baaki charge lag sakte hain.
• Kuch online services sirf dekhne ke liye hain, kuch se instruction bhi jaata hai.
• Closing balance mein opening ke upar credit judta hai aur debit ghatta hai.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

BSDA, dastakhat aur online services

BSDA ki saari shartein ek saath lagti hain. Holding ki value ek seema ke andar honi chahiye. Is value mein debt aur baaki securities saath gine jaate hain. Kuch naam wali securities ginti se bahar hain, jaise Zero Coupon Zero Principal bonds. Sole ya first holder ke roop mein investor ka ek hi demat account hona chahiye. CDSL ke aaj ke niyam mein DP har quarter account dobara jaanchta hai. Layak account BSDA mein badal jaata hai. Investor chahe, toh verify ho sakne wali sahmati dekar regular account rakh sakta hai.

Joint account mein mandate dekhiye. Sabke dastakhat chahiye hon, toh first holder akela debit nahi kara sakta. NSDL ka IDeAS aur CDSL ka easi account dekhne ke liye hain. NSDL ka SPEED-e aur CDSL ka easiest instruction bhejne ka raasta bhi dete hain. Anjaan debit ka alert aaye, toh DP ko verified channel se turant bataiye. Kaagzi debit slips ki khaali DIS booklet kho jaaye, tab bhi DP ko jaldi bataiye.

DHYAN

Chhota balance, par poore niyam

Pehli galti: sirf chhota balance dekh kar BSDA de dena. Value ke saath account ki shartein bhi dekhiye. Seema debt aur baaki securities ki jodi hui value par lagti hai. Har asset class ki alag seema nahi hoti.

Doosri galti: seema ke theek barabar wali value ko agle charge band mein daal dena. BSDA mein holding ki value ke har daayre, yaani charge band, ka AMC alag hai. Pehle dekhiye ki seema mein barabar wali value shamil hai ya nahi.

Teesri galti: timeout ko instruction fail hona maan lena. Pehla instruction system tak pahunch chuka ho sakta hai. Dobara bhejne se pehle status dekhiye, warna debit 2 baar ho sakta hai.

Unit 6: transmission aur nomination
Ab tak holder khud instruction de raha tha. Agla unit batata hai ki maut ke baad shares kise aur kaise milte hain.

Unit 6: transmission aur nomination.

Holder ki maut ke baad shares haqdaar tak pahunchte hain. Is prakriya ko transmission kehte hain. Nominee woh insaan hai jiska naam holder pehle se darj karta hai. Nominee ho, na ho, ya account joint ho, har haal ka raasta alag hai.

• Transmission maut ya kanoon se hone wala badlaav hai, aam transfer nahi.
• Nominee ho, tab bhi maut aur pehchaan ke kaagaz chahiye.
• Joint account mein ek holder jaaye, toh pehle baaki holder aate hain, nominee nahi.
• Nominee na ho, toh legal heir ka raasta hai. Shares laawaris nahi hote.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Har sthiti ka apna raasta

Akela holder jaaye aur nominee ho, toh nominee transmission ki request deta hai. Saath mein maut aur pehchaan ka saboot lagta hai. Nominee na ho, toh legal heir, yaani kanooni waaris, ka raasta hai. Uske apne kaagaz hote hain. Joint account mein bache hue holder aage aate hain. Maut ka saboot aur zaroori kaagaz dene ke baad, CDSL ke aaj ke niyam mein woh usi account ko chala sakte hain. Account se marne wale holder ka naam hata diya jaata hai. HUF ke Karta ki maut par naya Karta darj hota hai. Account HUF ka hi rehta hai.

Nomination ke naye niyam bhi isi unit mein hain. Nominee ek se zyada ho sakte hain, ek tay seema tak. Naye single account mein nominee dena hota hai, ya likh kar opt-out karna hota hai. Khaali chhodna opt-out nahi hai. Joint account mein nominee dene ya badalne ke liye saare holders ki sahmati chahiye. Hissa na likha ho, toh shares barabar baante jaate hain. Jo share barabar na bante, woh list ke pehle nominee ko jaata hai.

DHYAN

Nominee ka niyam har jagah nahi lagta

Pehli galti: joint account mein pehli maut par seedha nominee ko bulana. Pehle dekhiye ki koi joint holder zinda hai ya nahi. Agar hai, toh raasta uska hai.

Doosri galti: maut ke saath pledge ko bhi khatam maan lena. Haqdaar ka daava pledge ko apne aap nahi hatata. Pledge pehle tay prakriya se sulajhta hai, phir woh shares transmission se aage jaate hain.

Teesri galti: purane niyam ko pakad kar baithna. Nomination aur survivor ke kuch niyam badle hain. Sawaal aaj ke niyam par hai. Niyam ke saath woh kab se laagu hai, yeh bhi yaad rakhiye.

Unit 7: kaagaz se demat, aur wapas
Ab tak shares pehle se electronic the. Agla unit kaagaz se demat, aur demat se wapas kaagaz ka raasta dikhata hai.

Unit 7: kaagaz se demat, aur wapas.

Dematerialisation ka matlab hai kaagaz ke certificate ko electronic holding mein badalna. Investor DRF, yaani Dematerialisation Request Form, ke saath certificate DP ko deta hai. Company ya RTA apne record se milakar credit confirm karta hai. Ulta raasta rematerialisation hai, jisme demat se dobara kaagaz banta hai.

• Demat sirf roop badalta hai. Malik, quantity aur lagi hui rok, sab wahi rehte hain.
• Har security ke ISIN code ki alag request banti hai, chahe malik ek hi ho.
• Demat ke liye poore certificate chune jaate hain, kisi certificate ka tukda nahi.
• Pending demat request ke shares abhi balance mein nahi gine jaate.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Roop badalta hai, malik nahi

DP form aur certificate jaanch kar request aage bhejta hai. Company ya RTA record milata hai, tab credit hota hai. Certificate par nishaan lagta hai, taaki woh dobara kaam na aaye. Par uski details padhi ja sakni chahiye. Holder wahi hon par unka kram alag ho, toh transposition-cum-demat hai. Holder ki maut ke baad ho, toh transmission-cum-demat ka raasta hai. Unlisted security bhi demat ho sakti hai, agar woh depository mein admitted ho.

Rematerialisation ke liye RRF, yaani Rematerialisation Request Form, DP ke zariye jaata hai. Electronic balance utna ghat jaata hai, aur naye certificate bante hain. Purane certificate wapas nahi milte. SOA, yaani Statement of Account, mutual fund ka apna record hai. Units ko SOA se demat mein laana destatementisation hai. Wapas SOA mein le jaana restatementisation hai. Dono mein sirf record ki jagah badalti hai, units redeem nahi hoti.

DHYAN

Kaagaz badla, rok nahi badli

Pehli galti: transposition se naya holder jod dena. Transposition sirf unhi holders ka kram badalta hai. Ek bhi naam badle, toh malkiyat badalti hai, aur uska raasta alag hai.

Doosri galti: demat ke baad lock-in ya pledge ko khatam maan lena. Lock-in, yaani kuch samay tak transfer par rok, demat mein bhi rehta hai. Pledge wale shares ka rematerialisation bhi pledge chhootne ke baad hi hota hai.

Teesri galti: ek hi shares ko 2 jagah ginna. Pending demat request balance mein nahi judti. Rematerialisation ke baad kaagaz wale shares electronic balance mein nahi rehte.

Unit 8: sauda hone ke baad shares ka safar
Shares electronic ho gaye. Ab dekhte hain ki saude ke baad woh doosre account tak kaise pahunchte hain.

Unit 8: sauda hone ke baad shares ka safar.

Exchange par sauda hone ke baad shares ko sahi account tak pahunchna hota hai. Bechne wala jo shares deta hai, use pay-in kehte hain. Khareedne wale tak shares pahunchna pay-out hai. Exchange ke bina hone wala transfer off-market kehlata hai.

• Settlement ke din settlement calendar se gine jaate hain, chhutti ke din chhod kar.
• Delivery ke liye sirf woh shares gine jaate hain jin par koi rok nahi.
• NSDL se CDSL jaana inter-depository transfer hai. Ek hi depository mein DP badalna nahi.
• Ek client ke shares bina uski ijaazat doosre ki kami bharne mein nahi lag sakte.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Pay-in, pay-out aur transfer ke prakar

Clearing ke baad har party ka dena-lena tay hota hai. Bechne wala pay-in mein shares deta hai. Pay-out mein woh khareedne wale tak jaate hain. NSE Clearing ke aaj ke dhaanche mein pay-out seedha client ke demat mein aata hai. Kuch tay haalat mein raasta alag hota hai. Delivery mein ISIN aur quantity ke saath sahi settlement ki pehchaan bhi chahiye.

Transfer ke prakar alag pehchaaniye. Exchange ke bina, jaise tohfe mein, shares dena off-market transfer hai. Mutual fund ka redemption transfer nahi hai. Usme investor fund ki prakriya se units chhodta hai aur paisa paata hai. Ek ISIN ke shares aapas mein badle ja sakte hain. Par har client ka haq alag rehta hai.

DHYAN

Kul holding aur dene layak holding alag hain

Pehli galti: kul holding ko delivery ke layak maan lena. Pledge aur freeze wale shares ghatane padte hain. Dono alag hon, toh har ek ko ek hi baar ghataiye.

Doosri galti: har DP badalne ko inter-depository transfer kehna. Inter-depository tab hai jab depository badle. Clearing ki interoperability bhi alag cheez hai. Usse tay niyamon mein chuni hui clearing corporation se clearing ho sakti hai. Isse NSDL aur CDSL ek nahi ho jaate.

Teesri galti: pay-out ki tareekh aate hi delivery poori maan lena. Account ki details reject ho sakti hain. Tab tay prakriya chalti hai. Client ko yeh nahi kaha jaata ki shares pahunch gaye.

Unit 9: pledge, yaani shares ko girvi rakhna
Shares sirf transfer nahi hote. Unhe karz ke badle suraksha ke roop mein bhi rakha jaata hai. Agla unit yahi raasta kholta hai.

Unit 9: pledge, yaani shares ko girvi rakhna.

Pledge mein investor apne shares karz ke badle suraksha ke roop mein rakhta hai. Shares dene wala pledgor hai, aur suraksha paane wala pledgee. Pledge ke baad bhi shares pledgor ke account mein rehte hain, rok ke saath. Pledgee apna haq lagaye, jise invocation kehte hain, tab shares uske account mein jaate hain.

• Pledge tab poora hota hai jab pledgee use accept kare.
• Karz dena DP ka kaam nahi. Woh lender aur borrower ke samjhaute se hota hai.
• Unpledge rok hatata hai. Invocation shares pledgee ko transfer karta hai.
• Broker ko margin dena ho, toh margin pledge ka raasta hai, seedha transfer nahi.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Pledge banna, chhootna aur invoke hona

Pledgor ka DP pledge ki request daalta hai. Pledgee ke accept karne par pledge poora hota hai. Dono ke account CDSL mein hon, toh unke DP alag ho sakte hain. Lender value par haircut laga sakta hai. Haircut ka matlab hai value ka ek hissa kaat kar ginna.

Pledge khatam hone ke raaste alag hain. Unpledge mein rok hat jaati hai. Pledgee bhi apne DP se pledge chhod sakta hai. Kuch hissa chhoote, toh baaki hissa pledge mein rehta hai. Invocation mein shares pledgee ke account mein chale jaate hain. NDU, yaani Non-Disposal Undertaking, chuni hui holding ko bechne ya transfer karne se rokta hai. Par woh aam pledge nahi, jise isi tarah invoke kiya jaaye.

DHYAN

Pledge rok hai, transfer nahi

Pehli galti: pledge darj karne wale ko hi lender samajhna. DP aur depository sirf pledge darj karte hain. Karz ka faisla lender ka hai, aur pledge hone se karz pakka nahi hota.

Doosri galti: pledge banne ko hi invocation samajh lena. Pledge mein shares pledgor ke paas rehte hain. Invocation alag kadam hai. Lock-in wale shares pledge ho sakte hain, par pledge se lock-in nahi hatta. Woh rok invocation par bhi lagti hai.

Teesri galti: haircut ki rakam ko loan ki value samajhna. Haircut woh hissa hai jo value se kata jaata hai. Haircut ke baad bachi value hi aage gini jaati hai.

Unit 10: IPO aur corporate actions ka hisaab
Ab company ke apne faayde aate hain. Agla unit dividend, bonus, rights aur IPO ke credit ka hisaab dikhata hai.

Unit 10: IPO aur corporate actions ka hisaab.

Dividend, bonus, rights, split aur merger ko corporate action kehte hain. Kaun haqdaar hai, yeh record date ki list se tay hota hai. Record date woh din hai jis din ki holding se haq banta hai. IPO jaise public issue mein shares ka demat credit bhi isi unit mein aata hai.

• Haq record date ki holding se banta hai, paisa aane ke din se nahi.
• Bonus haq se milta hai. Rights mein aam taur par arzi aur paisa dono chahiye.
• Split mein shares badhte hain, par kul face value wahi rehti hai.
• IPO mein credit utna aata hai jitna allot hua, jitna maanga utna nahi.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Ratio, record date aur allotment

Dividend mein haqdaar shares ko per share rakam se guna kiya jaata hai. Woh bazaar ke daam ka percentage nahi hai. Bonus aur merger mein tay ratio haqdaar shares par lagta hai. Split mein har share, kam face value wale kai shares mein bant jaata hai. Face value share par likhi keemat hai, bazaar ka daam nahi. Rights mein pehle naye shares gine jaate hain. Phir unhe tay daam se guna kiya jaata hai. Reorganisation ke baad naya ISIN aa sakta hai. Tab debit naye ISIN aur naye balance par hi hota hai.

IPO ki arzi mein investor ki pehchaan aur demat account ka mel zaroori hai. BO ID demat account ki pehchaan hai. Kisi aur ka BO ID daalne se credit atak sakta hai. Credit na aaye, toh jaanch mein yeh kaam aate hain. Application ya allotment ka reference, security ki details, aur demat ID. Invocation se pehle, pledge wale shares ke faayde aam taur par pledgor ke rehte hain.

DHYAN

Pehle padhiye ki sawaal kya poochh raha hai

Pehli galti: bonus shares ki jagah kul holding likh dena. Sawaal aksar sirf naye shares poochhta hai. Kul balance ek alag sawaal hai.

Doosri galti: rights ko bonus jaisa bina paise ka samajhna. Rights naye shares lene ka ek mauka hai. Uske liye arzi aur paisa dono lagte hain.

Teesri galti: haq ko us din ki holding se jodna jis din paisa aaya. Haq record date ki list se tay hota hai. Baad ke order ya ummeed wale shares ginti mein nahi aate.

Unit 11: debt aur government securities
Ab tak zyaadatar baat shares ki thi. Agla unit bonds, Commercial Paper aur government securities ke apne niyam dikhata hai.

Unit 11: debt aur government securities.

Demat sirf shares ke liye nahi, debt securities ke liye bhi hai. Bonds, Certificates of Deposit aur Commercial Paper bhi demat mein rakhe ja sakte hain. Government securities ke kuch niyam alag hain, jaise unka apna demat form. Coupon aur maturity par wapas milne wali rakam ka hisaab bhi yahan aata hai.

• Savings ya current account ka balance security nahi hai. Woh demat mein nahi aata.
• Har ISIN ya loan code ke liye alag DRF-GS banta hai.
• CDSL ki prakriya mein government securities ke certificate par nishaan nahi lagta.
• Coupon aur maturity ki rakam face value par banti hai, bazaar ke daam par nahi.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Har issue alag, har hisaab face value par

Debt mein har issue alag security hai. Ek hi sarkar ke 2 loan bhi alag hain. Har ek ka apna ISIN ya loan code hota hai. Isliye har ek ka DRF-GS, yaani government securities ka demat form, alag banta hai. SGL, yaani Subsidiary General Ledger, government securities rakhne ka ek alag system hai. Maan lo koi apni SGL holding se securities apni hi depository holding mein laata hai. Isme koi keemat nahi chukai jaati. Ise value-free transfer kehte hain.

Hisaab face value par chalta hai. Coupon, yaani byaaj, saal ke rate se face value par banta hai. Saal mein 2 barabar kisht hon, toh har kisht saal ke coupon ko 2 se bhaag dene par aati hai. Face value par wapsi ho, toh rakam quantity aur face value ka guna hai.

DHYAN

Equity ki aadat yahan kaam nahi aati

Pehli galti: equity certificate wala tareeka government securities par bhi lagana. CDSL ki prakriya kehti hai ki in certificates par nishaan nahi lagta. Har instrument ki apni prakriya dekhiye.

Doosri galti: har kisht par poore saal ka coupon de dena. Pehle saal ka coupon nikaliye, phir use kishton mein baantiye.

Teesri galti: maturity ki rakam bazaar ke daam se nikalna. Shartein face value par wapsi kehti hain, toh bazaar ka daam yahan nahi lagta.

Unit 12: Foreign Portfolio Investors
Ab tak zyaadatar baat Indian investor ki thi. Agla unit videshi investor ka registration, uski category aur shartein dikhata hai.

Unit 12: Foreign Portfolio Investors.

FPI woh videshi investor hai jo Indian securities mein portfolio nivesh karta hai. Uska registration certificate SEBI ki taraf se designated depository participant, yaani DDP, deta hai. Har DP yeh kaam nahi kar sakta. Registration ke baad bhi har nivesh ki apni shartein lagti hain.

• FPI ki category applicant ke prakar se tay hoti hai.
• Sovereign wealth fund jaise sarkar se jude investor Category I mein aate hain.
• Bada naam ho, tab bhi sanctions aur due diligence ki jaanch poori hoti hai.
• Registration darwaza kholta hai. Woh har nivesh ki chhoot nahi deta.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Registration kaun deta hai, aur kya nahi deta

FPI ka registration ek khaas zimmedari hai. DDP SEBI ki taraf se jaanch karta hai. Shartein poori hon, tab woh certificate deta hai. Aam demat ya trading account dene wala har sansthan yeh kaam nahi kar sakta.

Registration ke baad bhi niyam khatam nahi hote. Kaunsa nivesh allowed hai aur uski seema kya hai, yeh laagu rehta hai. Securities sambhalne ka intezaam aur aage ki zimmedariyan bhi rehti hain. Demat mein security darj ho jaane se mana kiya hua nivesh sahi nahi ho jaata.

DHYAN

Bada naam koi chhoot nahi

Pehli galti: kisi bhi DP ya broker ko FPI registration dene wala maan lena. Yeh kaam sirf designated DP ka hai.

Doosri galti: bade ya mashhoor applicant ki jaanch dheeli kar dena. Sanctions, yaani pabandiyon, ki jaanch sab par hoti hai. Asli malik kaun hai, yeh bhi dekha jaata hai. Due diligence, yaani poori jaanch, bhi zaroori hai. Chhoot wahi hai jo niyam mein likhi hai.

Teesri galti: purani category ya sab videshi investors ke liye ek hi category maan lena. Category applicant ke asli prakar se tay hoti hai.

Unit 13: investor services aur shikayat ka raasta
Saare kaam ho gaye. Aakhri unit batata hai ki kuch galat ho, toh investor shikayat kahan aur kaise kare.

Unit 13: investor services aur shikayat ka raasta.

Shikayat pehle zimmedar sanstha, jaise DP, ke tay channel par jaati hai. Uska reference sambhal kar rakhna hota hai. SEBI ka SCORES platform bhi hai, jahan shikayat darj aur track hoti hai. Bina daave ke dividend aur shares ke liye IEPF ka alag raasta hai.

• Shikayat zimmedar sanstha ke channel par jaaye, aur uska reference rahe.
• SCORES shikayat darj karne ka raasta hai, muavze ki guarantee nahi.
• IEPF mein gaye shares aur dividend ka daava khatam nahi hota.
• Dividend ruk raha ho, toh bank details aur ruka hua dividend dono dekhiye.

Is unit ke sawaal kholo

IS UNIT MEIN

Shikayat ka record, aur bina daave ki rakam

Shikayat ka pehla niyam record hai. Baat aage le jaani ho, toh saboot saath rakhiye. Jaise transaction reference, statement, pehli shikayat aur DP ka jawab. Password ya PIN kabhi saboot nahi hota, aur use kisi ko nahi diya jaata.

Doosra hissa bina daave ki rakam ka hai. Aise dividend aur shares IEPF, yaani Investor Education and Protection Fund, mein jaa sakte hain. Haqdaar IEPF Authority ki prakriya se unki wapsi maang sakta hai. Bank account band ho, toh dividend ruk jaata hai. Tab DP ke paas bank details theek kijiye. Phir company ya RTA se ruka hua dividend pata kijiye.

DHYAN

Shikayat karna aur muavza milna alag hain

Pehli galti: shikayat ke haq ko muavze ka haq samajhna. SCORES shikayat sunne ka raasta hai. Har shikayat par apne aap paisa nahi milta.

Doosri galti: bina reference ke shikayat karna. Reference aur pichhle jawab ke bina jaanch mushkil hoti hai. Pehle din se har kaagaz sambhaliye.

Teesri galti: IEPF mein gaye shares ko hamesha ke liye gaya maan lena. Haqdaar tay prakriya se refund maang sakta hai.

Ab poora paper ek saath
Saare 13 unit ho gaye. Ab poore paper ki mili-juli practice kijiye. Usse dikhta hai ki alag units ke sawaal saath aane par kahan atakte hain.